Influence of the Weather Conditions on the Efficiency of Absorbents in the Vegetable Crop Rotation System and on the Stock of Productive Soil Moisture

The purpose of the research is to study the duration of the effective action of various forms of absorbents in the vegetable crop rotation in conditions of unstable moistening of the forest-steppe of Ukraine. Research on the productivity of vegetable crops under the influence of different forms of absorbents showed varying results on different crops. There was a significant (P<0.05) increase yield from 12.7 t ha-1 in the Badyoryi cultivar to 16.4 t ha-1, and from 9.9 t ha-1in the Rutan cultivar up to 12.5 t ha-1 following the application of the gel in both varieties of basil. Pumpkin productivity also increased under the influence of absorbents. Yield increased by 16.4 % in the Siryi Ukrainskyi cultivar and 14.8 % in the Yuvilei cultivar under the influence of the powder. The yield of leafy vegetables (head lettuce, leaf lettuce and spinach) increased by 8.0–11.9 grown on the background of absorbent in powder form. The increase in productive moisture reserves depending on the form of the absorbent, the year of use and the weather conditions of vegetation when using the powder min.-max. was 7.2–8.1 % in May; 9.8–17.1 % in June; 13.2–15.4 % in July. Conclusions. The absorbent in gel form is highly effective in the first year of use, but subsequently its effectiveness declined dramatically, while the powder was less effective in the first year but became more stable in subsequent years.